Case assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case assignment - Essay Example Such developments portray the liberal nature of the society since the laws permit the populace to take care of their lives and make important decisions that concern their lives. Such include abortions and suicide. However, the situation is likely to change thereby presenting a conflict in the management of the health facilities in the state. Apparently, the Roman Catholic has inherited the health care system in the country with the promise of revamping the operation of the health facilities with an increased cash flow in the state. The health care system under the management of the Roman Catholic will curtail the liberal nature of the facilities as the Catholic safeguards the value of human life. Such a conflict is likely to heighten owing to the fact that Washington is one of the secular states in the country. Imposing religious heath care system is therefore likely to conflict with the wishes of millions of citizens who will not enjoy some of the liberties that the previous health care system offered. The introduction of the new health care system promises an improved quality of the health care services that the facilities will offer owing to increased financial capital that the Roman Catholic will provide the system. The health care sector is one of the most expensive systems in any country owing to the high cost of the health equipment. Additionally, clients often demand guaranteed quality of medical services a feature that increases the need to purchase high quality and efficient equipment. Such requirements increase the cost of managing and maintaining high quality health care services in the society. Under the new health care management system, the health care practitioners will have to appreciate high ethical standards by adopting the doctrines of the Catholic Church under the stewardship of a council of bishops who will oversee the

Harmful Things Essay Example for Free

Harmful Things Essay Mobile Dont put your mobile closer to your ears until the recipient answers, Because directly after dialing, the mobile phone would use its maximum signaling power, which is: 2watts = 33dbi. Please Be Careful. Please use left ear while using cell (mobile), because if you use the right one it may affect brain directly. This is a true fact from pollo medical team. 2) APPY FIZZ Do not drink APPY FIZZ . It contains cancer causing agent. 3) Mentos Dont eat Mentos before or after drinking Coke or Pepsi coz the person will die immediately as the mixture becomes cyanide. Please fwd to whom u care 4) Kurkure Dont eat kurkure because it contains high amount of plastic if U dont Believe burn kurkure n u can see plastic melting. Please forward to all!!!!!!!!! !! News report from Times of India 5) Avoid these tablets as they are very dangerous * D cold * Vicks action- 500 * Actified * Coldarin * Co some * Nice * Nimulid * Cetrizet-D They contain Phenyl- Propanol -Amide PPA. Which Causes strokes, and these tablets are banned in U. S. 6) Cotton Ear Buds Cotton Ear Buds (Must read it) Please do not show sympathy to people selling buds on roadside or at Signals.. Just wanted to warn you people not to buy those Packs of ear buds you get at the roadside. Its made From cotton that has already been used in hospitals. They take all the dirty, blood and pus filled cotton, wash it, Bleach it and use it to make ear buds. So, unless you want to become the first person in the world to get Herpes Zoster Oticus (a viral infection of the inner, middle, and external ear) of the ear and that too from a cotton bud, DONT BUY THEM! Please forward to all this may be helpful for Someone.. . Please forward to all your near and dear Ones.!

customer cargo from HCM to Singapore

customer cargo from HCM to Singapore In our company, the operations manager and his decisions are of special importance. Our activities are involved in logistics with special services on transportation and warehouse distribution. Therefore, the operation decisions must be accurate, timely, and workable. Four major decision responsibilities of the operations management are process, capacity, quality, and inventory. The operations management is not only affect to production, but impact to quality and revenue also. When we received a booking to ship the customer cargo from HCM to Singapore, the operations manager would have to calculate the maximum container that could be loaded on the vessel. The volume of cargo must conform to ship capacity and safety regulations. The operations decision will give marketing the quote to canvas the cargo and guide to the port for loading schedule. Therefore, the operations manager will have the responsibility for the volume and quantity of cargo directly. Any cargo cutting, due to a mista ke of the operations manager will reduce the freight and company revenue. In our business, it is very important to ensure the time departure, vessel speed, and estimated time of arrival (ETA). These elements will affect the quality service and the operations managers have responsibility to maintain all things as fixed schedule. In logistics sectors, the operations manager must be familiar with all other sections and can watch the company picture in general. Otherwise, he must communicate with the marketing manager and the chief of financial well. The right operations decision is first condition for our company to get the revenue. Nghe Ä Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ c ngà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¯ à ¢m Tà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ « Ä‘ià ¡Ã‚ »Ã†â€™n Xem tà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ « Ä‘ià ¡Ã‚ »Ã†â€™n chi tià ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¿t Question II: Explain the information conveyed by various elements in the house of quality. Personalize your answer to your own work experience. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) has been developed in Japan in the late 1960s and was been applied at the Kobe/Japan shipyard of Mitsubishi Heavy Industry in 1972. Then, Toyota had developed this application as a table with a roof. The shape of this table is similar as a house and is named the house of quality. The house of quality is developed a method of quality control ensure that customer requirements on products are satisfied before creating it. For example, we want to produce a kind of labor uniform clothing for workers in northern Vietnam. First of all, we must have information about what customers need in the product characteristics. In the north, the weather is cold, rainy in winter, so the characteristics of the product must be waterproof, warm enough etc. The requirements of customers for a product like bricks to build up the wall of the house. If we have enough bricks, full of information about customer attributes, we can develop a high house. The customer attributes are the first and most important of the matrix in the house of quality. This information is collected through communication with customers, interviews and research results. Customers are encouraged to describe what they need and any possible issues with their products. A list of requirements gathered will be put into the house of quality. The body of the house and the quality can be very time consuming to complete. Its purpose is to transfer customer requirements into technical specifications of the product. A described by Schroder, Goldenstein Rungtusanatham (2010), the next step of building house is translate the customer attribute in to Engineering Characteristic (Ecs) (p.49). With customer requirements, the Ecs must consider the existing textile equipment, machinery, and technology to produce it and estimate the unit price. When the customers requirements meet the manufacturers cable, we will complete the roof of the house. Otherwise, this house must be b uilt on a foundation of information on existing products on the market of the competitor. Without evaluation on the strengths and weaknesses of the product, and lack of information about the competitors product, the manufacturer may have not good product, like building houses without foundations. In our company, the building quality homes, quality control is target to improving matters in the production process, then towards the final product with the highest customer satisfaction. Question III: Can one apply the concepts such as Plant-within-a-plant (PWP), Mass Customization, etc. to Service Operations? Provide a discussion of the response as it relates to your own work experience or company. The services cover a wide range, but all types of services can be grouped into 3 types: Explicit service (tangible service), implicit service (intangible service) and facilitating goods. In general, service operations may include one, two or three types of the above services. Because, a service sector has owned product, concepts such as Plant-within-a-plant (PWP), Mass Customization can apply to service operations. Plant-Within a-Plan (PWP) is a term to demonstrate the focus operation. The company with PWP will focus on one or several specific product manufacture. Although these goods are processed in same factory, each product or product lines will be fabricated separately from others. PWP and focus operations can use the service sector also. The operations manager can assign and allocate different types of services to different divisions, and different facilities. For a transportation service in our company, we can divide into domestic service and international service. Because the requirement for overseas transport is higher and need more document than domestic, the service level is quite different and should be separate. Schrode (2010) interpreted that mass customization is a strategy to provide products in lot sizes of one in high volume (p.75). Mass customization in service can provide a large service product at customer specific requirement. The weekly transport service between HCMC and Singapore is a mass service, but we can customize for small requirement, even less than one container. Applying the concepts of Plant-within-a-plant (PWP), mass customization to service operations are complicated duties, but they will enhance the service quality. Question IV: Hayes and Wheelwright argued that it is profitable for firms to operate along the diagonal of the product-process matrix. Justify the reasons surrounding their argument. Can you think of situations wherein firms could move away from the diagonal and yet remain profitable? The product-process matrix is a table showing the relationship between product (type, volume etc) and scale of production (process, equipment etc). This matrix was developed by Mr. Hayes and Mr. Wheelwright in 1979. In this matrix, we can see how each typical product will correspond to a ranging of processes from the project to the continuous process. The companies with low volume for each goods, not specialization, wide range of products, usually organized in job shops. Otherwise, the company has high volume; high standardization must organize as an assembly line or continuous process. In general, a company must have position in diagonal of this matrix will have proper organization structure, working processes, production management conform to scale of production and types of products. In the case, if a company is out of this diagonal line, their business procedure may be broken, and conflicts will arise between products and production management. For example, when a company has large order for a product, but the company did not have modern assembly lines, no proper equipment and still use job shop, they will use more labor. This will inevitably lead to price the product high, will not deliver on time, and will be difficult to manage throughput, profits will not be maintained. Usually, in the development period, sometime the company is not on this diagonal. The product and process did not change simultaneously. Sometimes, a company has not enough machinery or an assembly line to produce a large volume. Otherwise, sometimes, the company invested modern assembly line but can not fabricate so much because of market redundancy. However, in the long-term, the company will maintain the balance and stay on this diagonal. A long side of the diagonal of product process matrix, a high volume, larger scale product, it means that revenue will increase. If the company manages the process well, workers will increase productivity, reduce unit cost, and the company in the diagonal of product process matrix will obtain more profit. Question V: Question V: What are the five essential elements of lean thinking? In your own words, provide a road map for implementing lean thinking in a manufacturing or service operations of your choice. In order to get practice on operation management, we visited a shoe manufacture last week. We found that the lean thinking has applied in many assembly lines of the manufactures. We can recognize all of the five essential elements of lean thinking as follows: Specify exactly what creates value: The steps of the quality house were done to ensure that all customer requirements on each samples shoe had been detailed and all give certain value for users. The first element has been carried by the designers and the RD division Improve the value stream: this element of lean thinking has applied on shoe assembly lines. From beginning step to cutting material to end, where the shoes had completed, we can not see any unnecessary movements. Design the flow to avoid waste: it is easy to recognize that there is no inventory and waiting time in the shoe assembly lines. Right after the cover sheet of shoe is completed, they will be move to other step without delay and inventory. Produce only what the customer pulls: the push mentality typically was replaced by pulls. After the customer confirms their order, shoess material will be ex-store and the shoe assembly line will start. The third element will reduce the cost, and inventory for company. Strive for perfection: every six months, the manufactures evaluates all processes and make adjustments accordingly. We had an interview with an operation manager and understand that they implement the lean systems with 6 specific steps. All of steps will are carried out by two groups. A team work of lean implements will be set up. This team includes experts from some relative divisions. They will review all documents, and procedure to find out what the customer actually needs; builds up a procedure for production; construct a value stream map and use it to eliminate waste; and follow pull demand from the customer. After group one completes their duties, the necessary changes will be applied in one assembly and will repeat the cycle on another process. This duty will be conducted by not lean team, but all operation team leader and workers. Question VI: Question VI: Describe what Business Process Re-engineering is and what is involved in such an undertaking. Also, discuss when it should be used, how it might benefit to a business, and indicate any cautions with regards to its use. Give an example related to your work experience or readings. After 10 year of sustained development, our company is facing some big problems. There is an overlapping of functions, excess personnel, in-accurate reports, and it is difficult to control costs, although the director had adjusted the plan and gave a warning to some relative divisions. However, there was not much result. The sales volume continued down and expenses were still increased. In that situation, our chairman conducted a revolution with big change. He declared that the company will be rethinking and radical redesign of business [or organizational] processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical, contemporary measures of performance, such as cost, quality, service and speed. I understand that he will perform a Business process reengineering (BPR). In the past, leaders of enterprises have re-structured their company at their way without applying modern theory and useful research. In the early 1990s Michael Hammer and James Champy has issued their best-selling book, Reengineering the Corporation. In that book, the BPR was detailed in some specific areas. In general, the workflow and business process must be analyzed and redesigned within that company. Companies may centralize or decentralize the function division as marketing, operations, and finance according to their new organization chart. Companies can follow four principal which Schrode (2010) summaries as that organize around outcomes, not tasks, have the people who do the work, process their own information, put the decision point where work is performed and build control into the process and eliminate unnecessary steps in the process (p 123, 124). After 2 year implements of BPR, although our company was downsized, the sale volume increase and earn more revenue. The profit and return on investment has improved dramatically. Question VII: The definition of quality management has evolved from quality by inspection towards delivering competitive advantage to the firm. Briefly discuss these and other definitions of quality management. About 20 years ago, Vietnamese enterprises had not applied ISO 9000 standards in production and business activities yet. In that period, quality management simply meant that a checking or an inspection to find the defect product. The Vietnamese concept of KCS ( Kiem tra chat luong San pham check product quality) is quite common. Most plants have KCS division. This term is quite close to the traditions meaning of the quality management in 1900, when quality management means that inspection. Inspection is just a check product in the last stage of the process. It does not detect and prevent the mistake and defect in the production process. During improvement on company management, the quality method had an upgrade also. By the 1960s, the quality management had developed a new step to cover multiple departments between enterprises. These activities involved the designing, manufacturing and testing of the final product. The term of quality management refered to all activities and division function and included quality planning, quality control, quality improvement and quality assurance. Nowadays, the quality management has been upgraded to a new step. The new concept is Total Quality Management (TQM). TQM is a management method based on long-term success by focusing on customer satisfaction. All member of a Nghe TQM organization has reasonability to improving processes, products, services, and the culture in their work. So, quality management is towards delivering competitive advantage to the firm Question VIII: Name the seven tools of quality that are typically used in a manufacturing process. Can all these tools be applied to service operations? Suggest some possible service operations scenarios wherein we could apply all/some of these tools. Some decades ago, Japanese companies had used some tools for quality control. Day by day, they had been developing the seven tools of quality control. The seven tools are listed by Schroder (2010) as flow charts, check sheet, histogram, pareto diagrams, cause and -effect diagrams, control charts (p.195). In service operations, all services have been ensured of their quality also. Therefore, the managers need useful tools to control the quality. Depending on the kind of service, such as tangible service, intangible service or facilitating goods, some these tools can be used accordingly. All seven tools can be applied on facilitating goods such as restaurants, repair workshops etc. Some intangible services can select other tools. However, I suppose that the Pareto diagram can be used for all service operations. The Pareto theory will help us to concentrate to most important problem. The Pareto diagram can be build to demonstrate any factors with ratio, which impact the outcome. To resolve that problem, the cause and effect diagram (fishbone diagram) can be applied for all companies regardless production or service. In my experience in warehouse service, the team leaders of a facility often use the check sheet. They have to collect daily data and consolidate them in a tabular form in order to follow the working process, im-ex warehouse, and other movement between those facilities. Otherwise, the histograms tool is useful to valuate and audit after long time operation.

The Evolution of Religion Essay -- Philosophy Religion Essays

The Evolution of Religion Near the end of his novel, Darwin's Dangerous Idea, Daniel Dennett questions religion and contends that it was an evolutionary process to keep humans entertained. He says "they [religions] have kept Homo Sapiens civilized enough, for long enough, for us to have learned how to reflect more systematically and accurately on our position of the universe"(519). Dennett's position is a controversial one, and it is difficult to argue because it is such an abstract subject. Religion is associated with free will, and has been part of humans for thousands of years. Is religion as we know it useless now, have we arrived at the point in evolution where it is no longer necessary? Dennett never completely dismisses current religion, but he does not support its perpetuation either. Dennett's view of religion is as function, something that humans need, like opposable thumbs. He claims that religion has become merely about the actions, and that soon they will die out and belong in museums and "zoos". Dennett elaborates this thought, "what,then, of all the glories of our religious traditions? They should certainly be preserved, as should the languages, the art, the costumes the rituals, the monuments"(519). Is this right? Should only the material aspects be saved? Have they served their only purpose. Dennett seems to say that humans no longer need religions, and that since they have existed for so long they are no longer needed, it is their time for extinction. Will religions disappear leaving only the materials and traditions as Dennett seems to suggest they will, or will they evolve, and change to meet our modern world. In Karen Armstrong's History of God she says "for 4,000 years it [the idea of God] has cons... ...sappeared, but they became infused into other religions. The ancient Hellenistic religion became infused into Christianity, and the Sumerian religion was an influence for the writers of the old testament (http://www.comparative-religion.com/ancient/). In that sense the ancient religions continue to exist, they have merely taken a different form. Will the modern religions of today follow a path decreed by Dennett and Armstrong and disappear, or will they merely become influences in the next wave of religion? The major religions today have been in existence for thousands of years, but that does not mean that they will not evolve. As people and culture change, so will the worlds religions. People will always have faith, and humans have not achieved a point in evolution where religion is no longer needed, and it is highly unlikely that it will ever reach that point. The Evolution of Religion Essay -- Philosophy Religion Essays The Evolution of Religion Near the end of his novel, Darwin's Dangerous Idea, Daniel Dennett questions religion and contends that it was an evolutionary process to keep humans entertained. He says "they [religions] have kept Homo Sapiens civilized enough, for long enough, for us to have learned how to reflect more systematically and accurately on our position of the universe"(519). Dennett's position is a controversial one, and it is difficult to argue because it is such an abstract subject. Religion is associated with free will, and has been part of humans for thousands of years. Is religion as we know it useless now, have we arrived at the point in evolution where it is no longer necessary? Dennett never completely dismisses current religion, but he does not support its perpetuation either. Dennett's view of religion is as function, something that humans need, like opposable thumbs. He claims that religion has become merely about the actions, and that soon they will die out and belong in museums and "zoos". Dennett elaborates this thought, "what,then, of all the glories of our religious traditions? They should certainly be preserved, as should the languages, the art, the costumes the rituals, the monuments"(519). Is this right? Should only the material aspects be saved? Have they served their only purpose. Dennett seems to say that humans no longer need religions, and that since they have existed for so long they are no longer needed, it is their time for extinction. Will religions disappear leaving only the materials and traditions as Dennett seems to suggest they will, or will they evolve, and change to meet our modern world. In Karen Armstrong's History of God she says "for 4,000 years it [the idea of God] has cons... ...sappeared, but they became infused into other religions. The ancient Hellenistic religion became infused into Christianity, and the Sumerian religion was an influence for the writers of the old testament (http://www.comparative-religion.com/ancient/). In that sense the ancient religions continue to exist, they have merely taken a different form. Will the modern religions of today follow a path decreed by Dennett and Armstrong and disappear, or will they merely become influences in the next wave of religion? The major religions today have been in existence for thousands of years, but that does not mean that they will not evolve. As people and culture change, so will the worlds religions. People will always have faith, and humans have not achieved a point in evolution where religion is no longer needed, and it is highly unlikely that it will ever reach that point.

Competition Energy Drinks Essay

The beverage industry, like most food service industries in these economic times, faces many challenges. Not one company is excluded from the challenges of economic conditions, demographics, social and global forces, and regulatory, political, and legal factors. The global economic conditions affect the energy drink industry in many ways. This industry depends highly on the disposable income of its customers. People are very cautious with their money these days and if additional income does not exist to purchase these items, then the companies suffer. In recent projections, however, this does not seem to be the case. The global industry factors show a projected growth of $20 trillion in sales between 2009 and 2014, and demand for these alternative beverages is expected to increase globally as customer purchasing power increases. Social factors play an important part in the industry’s strategy, as well. With customers concerned with healthy lifestyles and exercise, the alternative beverage industry has increased sales in the last decade. Customers demanding low calorie, energy & vitamin-enhancing drinks turn to these types of beverages for their needs instead of carbonated soft drinks. Alternative drinks are consumed by a slim demographic. These products are generally used by young adults, college and high school students, athletes and exercise aficionados. Another branch of these drinks are the energy â€Å"shots,† which have become very popular in the last decade. With new legislation and changing regulations, it is very important for companies to stay abreast of all changes. There has been an increase in negative reports on what affects energy drinks have on people that use them, from high blood pressure to arrhythmia, which as forced some companies to include warning labels on their packaging. There is also a concern with the consumption of these drinks contributing to the obesity issue, many of these drinks contain high fructose corn syrup, and many additives that can contribute to weight gain if consumption is not limited. Competition is fierce in this industry; not only between the two biggest competitors, Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo Inc., but also Red Bull GmbH, Hansen Natural Corporation and privately owned regional brands. The two major companies, Pepsi and Coca Cola, are strong competitors within the alternative beverage market and use both the introduction of new products as well as the introduction of existing products in new markets to increase sales. Pepsi has introduced several new products – Charge, Rebuild, and Defend – three new brands available to consumers interested in vitamin-enhanced drink alternatives. Pepsi has also recently agreed to distribute the â€Å"Rockstar† brand drinks in Canada and the United States. Coca-Cola Company’s strategy is to distribute their existing brands in the new markets of Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong and other Asia/Pacific countries. In order to compete with these two major companies, Red Bull relies on sponsorships and promotion as well as celebrity endorsements. By using advertising in this manner, Red Bull is able to use its slogans and logos in a variety of ways to get their name out into the public. Hansen Natural Corporation utilizes a different approach to boost sales. This company increased their package size and still maintained a competitive price compared to Red Bull. Like Red Bull, Hansen also uses celebrity promotion and sponsorship as a marketing tool. This is not to say that PepsiCo Inc. and Coca-Cola Company do not utilize this method of advertising, as they both spend billions on advertising promotions, celebrity, and sporting endorsements. The competitive edge in this case lies with PepsiCo Inc. , whose sales of energy and alternative beverages have surpassed its competitors in the past few years. New entrants are not a strong competitive pressure for this industry. The dominating companies are unsurpassed in their strong brand names and great distribution channels. The industry is fully saturated. These factors make it difficult for new companies to compete against them. Any new company wanting to get into this industry would face high capital start-up expenditures and would surely fail due to the high cost. Substitution of products is also an area where the competitive force is low. With brand loyalty, the market for substitution is very low. Consumers want the brands they are used and won’t accept substitution. Suppliers for the industry do not hold much competitive pressure either. Suppliers to this industry are bottling equipment manufactures and secondary packaging suppliers. The suppliers have little bargaining power, as the two major brands own their own bottling centers. As discussed earlier, changes in this industry’s long-term growth rate is a positive one. Growth is high in this market and is expected to continue to grow. One of the reasons for this is the increasing globalization. Coke is expanding its operations to be more global as are some of its competitors. The changing spectrum of the customer base is not really a factor here. Most of the demographic has not changed much since the introduction of these alternative beverages. Marketing and innovation has to continue to grow so that the company can grow. Regulatory influences and government policy changes are a huge factor in this industry. As the customers call for increased legislation and regulation of the ingredients, the companies have to make adjustments to their drink formulas, and this could prove costly if not monitored closely. Society is constantly changing and this industry needs to transition with these changes. By the introduction of new products and the re-tooling of existing products, all of the competitors can be successful. This industry has several success factors, product marketing, product differentiation, brand name, a strong distribution network and the ability to adapt to change. PepsiCo Inc. and Coca-Cola Company have strong aspects of all of these factors which is what has made both of them so successful. PepsiCo Inc.has branched into the food market as well as remaining in the soft drink and alternative beverage markets. Coke has had a similar strategy and relies heavily on their brand name and product recognition. All of the companies have unique and successful marketing techniques such as sponsorships, promotions, and celebrity endorsements. In order to achieve a successful strategic plan, a company needs to establish a group of people to discuss the goals and objectives of their company, sometimes called a task force. The task force should then decide what the company’s goals and objectives are. By drafting Mission and Vision statements, this task force can begin to convey their goals and objectives. Strategic planning is an on-going task for every company. When a plan is established the implementation and monitoring phases begin. To be successful a company should be constantly monitoring its goals and objectives and changing them when the need arises. With competition so high in this industry, a strong strategic plan is critical. In viewing these companies one can see that their plans are very strong. In order to continue to grow and compete in this market all companies need to look forward at the changing times, attitudes and cultures. All of the companies in this market, as with any market, need to maintain their competitive advantage and find new and different ways to achieve it. A comprehensive action plan needs to be put into place and reviewed often. By doing this all companies have a better chance at keeping their competitive advantage and enjoying better profits for their shareholders.

Othello: A Tragic Hero Essay

Considered by some to be one of the finest tragedies ever written, Shakespeare’s Othello tells the story of one man’s fall from happiness to utter despair. This is achieved by Othello’s fatal flaws – his jealousy and pride. Othello’s own fatal flaws lead him to his demise not Iago’s manipulation. This view point is supported in Professor Crawford’s article â€Å"Othello as a Tragic Hero.† In his article, Crawford conveys the idea that the misfortunes that befall Othello are cause because of Othello himself – drama of character – not by Iago or any outside social forces – drama of intrigue. Because of this Othello can be described as a drama of character meaning that it is an internal conflict within the main character Othello. Othello is the one at fault for the terrible events in the play. In order to fully understand what a tragedy is one must understand the characteristics of what a tragedy and a tragic hero is according to Aristotle. Aristotle indicates that in order to be a tragic hero is not perfect; the character is fallible. The character’s fatal flaw or hamartia is the weakness that will ultimately lead to the character’s demise. And for a play to be a tragedy, the protagonist must be a person of high standing in society and that the character must fall from power and happiness in the end. This can be seen in Othello when at the beginning of the play, Othello is introduced as a great man of power and high status to the rest of the characters. This can be seen during Act I, Scene III, the duke and a couple of senators of Venice were discussing issues and when Othello enters the room and the senators say, â€Å"Here comes Barbantio and the valiant Moor† By saying this, the senators make it clear that they hold Othello in high esteem. Othello is known to the senators and the rest of the characters as a great war hero full of pride and courage. However, as the play progresses, Othello’s character begins to deteriorate. His character changes from that of a flawless leader to a murderer after Othello is driven over the edge by â€Å"honest Iago’s† lies. Iago, knowing that Othello is overly trusting, takes advantage of that fact to manipulate Othello into doing whatever he wanted. Throughout the entire play, Iago never made Othello do anything in was all in Othello’s control of how the events happened. Iago merely insinuated that something should be done about Desdemona’s unfaithfulness. It was Othello who jumped to the conclusion that Desdemona should die. Even though Iago said he would take care of Cassio, it was Othello agin that jumped to the conclusion that Iago would kill Cassio. Othello’s destruction is precipitated by his own actions throughout the play. By isolating himself from everyone except Iago, Othello made it especially easy for Iago to influence him and his course of action. This does not mean that the play is a drama of intrigue, meaning that â€Å"outside events manipulated the main character in a way so that he had no choice in the matters at hand† (Crawford). No, Othello was responsible for his decisions meaning this play is a drama of character. An example of a drama of intrigue would be Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare made it so Romeo and Juliet had no control over their two families’ quarrels. They had neither control nor power in stopping the outside events that ultimately tore them apart. Romeo and Juliet were victims of their own parent’s animosities towards each other. This is different from Othello and Desdemona. With Othello and Desdemona, Othello had complete control in ending the confusion. He could easily have talked to Desdemona and stopped Iago’s dastardly plans from the start. But no, Othello let Iago control the situation in what Othello thought at the time was Iago trying to help him. This happened because of Othello’s flaw of being over trusting of those around him. By doing this, Othello made it too easy for Iago to influence his decisions. Iago may have been able to influence Othello’s decisions and the decisions of those around him but it was Othello’s own actions that eventually led to his downfall. The way the events of Othello interacted with each other in a way that made it seem like everything happened for a reason shows the literary merit of the play and how Shakespeare wrote it. The events of the play fit so perfectly with each other, it was almost too coincidental that the events happened in the way they did. For example, Cassio’s lover Bianca walking in with Desdemona’s handkerchief while Cassio is talking with Iago all the while Othello is watching from a far. However, Shakespeare made it so everything was done purposefully when he wrote the play. Everything had a purpose in conveying the story of Othello. By doing this, the play shows great literary merit. In conclusion, the play Othello shows many characteristics described by Aristotle in what makes a piece of literary work a tragedy. Othello was a high ranking person in society full of happiness only to lose it all due to his fatal flaws of jealousy and pride. Because the downfall of Othello is all his own doing making him the tragic hero of the play, the play is considered a â€Å"drama of character where the downfall of the character is his or her own doing† (Crawford). As opposed to a drama of intrigue where outside events influence the character. Due to the purposeful writing of Shakespeare of the events in the play, Othello shows great literary merit along with being a tragedy.

STOP TEACHING OUR KIDS TO KILL Essays - Violence In Video Games

STOP TEACHING OUR KIDS TO KILL Essays - Violence In Video Games THEODORE KIRK STOP TEACHING OUR KIDS TO KILL By: Dave Grossman Dave Grossman is an American author who has specialized in the study of the psychology of killing, which has been termed Killology. He is a retired lieutenant Colonel in the United States Army. Biography: Grossman was born in Frankfurt, West Germany. His career includes service in the U.S. Army as a sergeant in the 82nd Airborne Division, a platoon leader in the 9th Infantry Division, a general staff officer, a company commander in the 7th (Light) Infantry Division as well as a parachute infantry, a U.S. Army Ranger and professor of military science at Arkansas State University. Grossman has served as an expert witness in numerous state and federal court cases and was part of the prosecution team of the United States v. Timothy McVeigh. There is perhaps no bigger or more important issue in America at present than youth violence. Columbine, Sandy Hook, Aurora: We know them all too well, and for all the wrong reasons: kids, some as young as eleven years old, taking up arms, with deadly, frightening accuracy, murdering anyone in their paths. According to the authors of Stop Teaching Our Kids To Kill, there is blame to be laid right at the makers of violent video games (called murder trainers by one expert), the TV networks, and the Hollywood movie studios the people responsible for the fact that children witness literally thousands of violent images a day. Authors Lt. Col. Dave Grossman and Gloria DeGaetano offer incontrovertible evidence, much of it based on recent major scientific studies and empirical research, that movies TV, and video games are not just conditioning children to be violent and unaware of the consequences of that violence, but are teaching the very mechanics of killing. In Stop Teaching Our Kids to Kill: A Call to Action Against TV, Movie and Video Game Violence, Grossman argues that the techniques used by armies to train soldiers to kill are mirrored in certain types of video games. The conclusion he draws is that playing violent video games, particularly light gun shooters of the first-person shooter-variety (where the player holds a weapon-like game controller), train children in the use of weapons and more importantly, harden them emotionally to the task of murder by simulating the killing of hundreds or thousands of opponents in a single typical video game. Grossman uses blunt language that draws the ire of gamers- during the heights of video game controversy, he was interviewed on the content of his books, and repeatedly used the term murder simulator to describe first-person shooter games. Conclusion: In Paducah, Kentucky, Michael Carneal, a fourteen-year old boy who stole a gun from a neighbors house, brought it to school and fired eight shots at a student prayer group as they were breaking up. Prior to this event, he had never shot a real gun before. Of the eight shots he fired, he had eight hits on eight different kids. Five were head shots, the other three upper torsos. The result was three dead, one paralyzed for life. The FBI says that the average, experienced, qualified law enforcement officer, in the average shootout, at an average range of seven yards, hits with less than one bullet in five. How does a child acquire such killing ability? What would lead him to go out and commit such a horrific act?

aad essays

aad essays 1.ÈËÃâ€"ÊÔ ¹ÃƒÅ"à ­Ã‚ ½ÃƒÆ'à ¦Ãƒ ¦Ãƒâ€ÃƒÅ¡ÃƒÅ½ÃƒÅ ÃƒÅ' ¡ 2.Establish a de facto management standard in a market that has resisted standardization for the past 30 years. the truth is that EMC, with its current market position, is uniquely positioned to offer its management framework as a de facto standard. third-party storage platforms such as those from Compaq, Hitachi/HP/Sun, NetApp and IBM. Because of a lack of common standards in the storage industry, which prevented products from different manufacturers from working well together, EMC had a lock on customers once they settled on its proprietary platform. This translated into high prices, which led to lofty profit margins and returns on invested capital exceeding 20%.( ¼Ãƒâ€ºÃ‚ ¸Ãƒ Ãƒâ€Ãƒ  ÃÆ'à ¦Ã‚ µÃƒâ€žIBMà HITÓà Ã‚ ¾Ãƒâ€¢Ãƒ ¹Ãƒâ€œÃƒâ€¦ÃƒÅ Ãƒâ€ ) EMC built its business on superior technology. EMC's economic moat has narrowed, however. IBM IBMand Hitachi HIThave worked hard to close the technological gap, and pricing continues to decline. IBM, for example, can bundle hardware, software, and services and practically give the storage away. And in the current environment, many businesses are willing to forgo a superior product for one that meets their basic needs. Despite lowering prices, cutting expenses, and moving into new markets through partnerships with Dell DELL, EMC's profit margins continue to face pressure.(ÃÆ'à ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ãƒâ€˜Ã‚ ¹) Õ ¸ÃƒÅ½ÃƒÅ ÃƒÅ' µÃƒâ€žÃ‚ ½Ã‚ ¾Ã‚ ½ÃƒÅ Ãƒâ€¡Help is on the way for profits, thanks to the firm's investment in software. EMC now offers software that gives organizations the ability to manage their storage networks regardless of the hardware manufacturer. The software investments have already improved margins and strengthened customer relationships for EMC, and we expect more benefits. Key risks include increased pricing pressure, compe...

Implications and Limitations of Economic Feasibility Statistics Project

Implications and Limitations of Economic Feasibility - Statistics Project Example Out of the variables, however, only Staffed beds, Medicare Days, Total Surgeries, and RN FTE were significant to the hospital's total operations cost. Â  One of the implications of the study is a target-specific approach to management of operations costs for greater profit margins. The identifying signs of only Staffed beds, Medicare Days, Total Surgeries, and RN FTE means that the other variables do not influence total operations costs and should therefore not utilize the managements’ time while planning for the optimal cost for operations. I would focus only on the four significant variables in managing costs and in using costs to determine the optimal level of service delivery that a hospital should ensure. I would use operations management strategies to determine the optimal level of a mix for Staffed beds, Medicare Days, Total Surgeries, and RN FTE that can optimize marginal returns through the coefficients suggest a greater focus on RN FTE_05 then Staffed beds_05 in the determination of costs and its derivative decisions. Reducing the costs through efficiency strategies would be a priority for ensuring sustainable pro fit margins (White and Wu, 2014). Â  This also implies that profitability of hospitals do not depend on type of locality and with consideration of competition due to concentration of facilities in urban areas, I would locate a hospital, especially for a new organization, in a rural area because while competition is lower in the locality, costs are the same, ceteris paribus.

Management Accounting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management Accounting - Research Paper Example In a case where the building is not being utilized, the cost which is $9000 will be paid. Explanation: The variable unit cost (unit cost of hamburgers) remains the same even if the number of units sold change. However the total cost increases as the increased number units is multiplied by the unit cost. On the other hand the unit fixed cost and total fixed cost (building rent) remains the same since its cost is not dependent on the number of units sold therefore all the cost has to be paid for the rent. Financial accounting illustrates the performance of a business over specific periods (usually at the end of an accounting year). They are directed towards external users of accounting information such as investors and creditors. These accounts typically present a historic view on the financial performance of the business [1] Management accounting is used by the management to record, plan and control the activities of a business and to help in taking decisions. They can be made for any period or accounting year. It provides information for internal users like the employees, managers, and executives of the company. Management accounts largely focus on analyzing historical performance to give budgets and forecasts for the future. [1] GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) and Accounting Standards are followed in financial accounting while in managerial accounting there are no legal requirements to prepare management accounts. [2] Reporting Format In management accounting confidential financial reports are prepared for the exclusive use of top management within an organization. Specific accounting formulas and equations are used to reach to these reports. Such reports may include: Sales Forecasting reports; Budget analysis and comparative analysis; Feasibility studies; Merger and consolidation reports While on the other hand financial accounting helps prepare financial reports, that include the basic reporting requirements of profitability, liquidity, solvency and stability. Both internal and external users can view these reports. [2] Time Period of Information Managerial Accounting gives the management those reports that are future-oriented, while Financial Accounting give reports based on historical information to use statistical methods to reach at future values. [2] Detail of Information The details from financial accounts provide information on the business as one unit rather than analyzing the different elements of the business. [2] The management accounts focus on specific areas of the activities performed by the business such as information about its products, the different locations of business or the information about the departments. [2] Nature of Information The nature of information provided by financial accounts is mostly monetary. While management accou

Immigration in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Immigration in the United States - Essay Example Through out the world people strive to maintain and higher their standards of living and thus America being an attractive country for standards is a ideal place for people to immigrate to. These illegal immigrants are both beneficial and harmful to the United States of America. This article would further discuss the topic of illegal immigration in the United States of America. Neighboring countries of Mexico and Cuba have mainly created the wave of illegal immigration currently prevailing in the United States. These illegal immigrants have a great effect on the internal structure of the country and also have an effect on the economy of the country. People immigrating to the United States have a basic reason of maintaining their living standards or get united with their families currently living there (Dudley, 2002). Illegal immigrants have yet not been allowed by the government of United States to live and work on the land with their consent. This is mainly because of the damages caused by these immigrants through out the country. The immigrants currently living on the land of United States is increasing rapidly and is making the situation alarming for the authorities. The population of the whole country is increasing day by day and thus the problems in the country are increasing. Illegal immigrants have a direct impact on the employment rate of the Nativ e Americans. This is because of the cheap labor provided by these illegal immigrants to the employer. And naturally due to the cheap labor provided by these illegal immigrants they are preferred by the employers. It is estimated that these immigrants have dislocated 730,000 jobs in this process (Hazen & Lane, 1998). On the other hand these illegal immigrants add up to the already congested traffic in the United States of America. The required formalities before driving are not met by these illegal immigrants and thus these illegal immigrants are involved in more fatal accidents on the road. These illegal immigrants not only break the rules of the state but also destroy the image of the state. However on the other hand these illegal immigrants have been of a great benefit to the whole economy of the United States. The jobs done by the illegal immigrants through out United States are solely done by them and are not done by any other Native American. These illegal immigrants are specia lly being called upon by employers so that they can work on particular jobs which can only be done by them. This helps to fill the requirements of the United States in terms of labor. Similarly it is also commonly said that the illegal immigrants are not openly paying taxes to the government and are therefore affecting the whole economy of the United States. However with the help of a massive research campaign it was found out the illegal immigrants are paying taxes in accordance to the states policy. Illegal immigrants helped to make $428 dollars to the states gross domestic product in the year of 2006 (Newman, 2006). This shows that even without the documents these illegal immigrants are partially paying the taxes of the state. It is shown through extensive research that immigrants play a vital role in stabilizing the economy of the United States (Flash, 1965). They also play a varying role in different work fields and bring both skilled and unskilled labor to

The Role of Time Management Techniques in Avoiding Project Delays Dissertation

The Role of Time Management Techniques in Avoiding Project Delays - Dissertation Example Structured, systematic ways of managing the project and its risks are also imperative. Moreover, it is encouraging to find that the respondents perceive their senior management favourably, with senior management leadership and communication not being singled out as a cause of project delay. The study has likewise found that the outcomes of project delays include the work disturbance; cost variances; and operational losses. Disagreement is also apparent. However, these do not develop so gravely as to merit the termination of the contract or the filing of a legal case. The present study likewise found that the timely clarification of project objectives; solicitation of top management support; manpower selection; clarification of project restrictions; definition / identification of activity; spelling out the sequence of activity; and building a timetable of activity were all adequately practised by the construction and engineering players in Saudi Arabia. There is a need to further impr ove the timeliness with which the following facets of project management are carried out within their specific context: client consultation; manpower training; solicitation of the dedication of the project team; evaluation of the efficiency of client and contractor; risk and liability evaluations; clarification of end-users requirements; resource approximation; schedule development; schedule control; and overall impact vs. actual practise of time management technique

No need to put the topic Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

No need to put the topic - Article Example With the advent of globalization, the power phenomena to compete in resources along with imperialization was the focal point. The United States is a super power because of the fact that it imperialized and was able to control its colonies compared to its European predecessors. (Peter Stearns, â€Å"The 1850s as a Turning Point†) Stearn argues that globalization allowed a system of seamless integration in which trade was cultivated within countries. This is vital to understand as new Empires emerged and literally obtained new identities because of this emphasis of globalization. Stearn also reemphasizes the fact that United States was in the prime position to take advantage of globalization and has made itself a dominating superpower in the 20th century because of its focus to imperialize and control its territories. (Peter Stearns, â€Å"The 1850s as a Turning Point†) An interesting aspect, the â€Å"nation† refers to state, which means the people itself. Prior to this phenomena, the nation referred to the government not the people. In this particular case, there is a shift for individualism rather than the focus on the state itself. In essence, there is no logical connection between citizens and the land they occupy themsevles which leads to an identity of a ‘nation.’ The principle of nationality is crucial here to understand because it molds the structure of Europe at this point. Nationalism would not be appealing if the fact remained that nations realized that it is a self-serving ruling ideology. (Eric Hobsbawm, â€Å"Nation as Novelty†) The tension is the fact that for the first time there is a slight push towards assimilation of different groups- a bond for unity rather than classification of groups. The traditional role to be a conservative and traditionalist is slowly being deteriorated. Hobsbawm’s analysis indicated that this tension can be a destructive as race can be a

Palliative Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Palliative Care - Essay Example Advanced Squamous Carcinoma of the Left Maxilla and Cervical Lymph node Metastases. The lady has already undergone a palliative radiotherapy of the tumour in the maxilla and cheek. The present situation of the lady points towards the fact that there was no obvious development of her state from the previous condition. Rather there has been a further deterioration in the health of the patient. It was observed that the ulcer has become large, necrotic and spread out in the mouth of the patient. In this respect, the conditions of the patient are identified to be more critical as compared to previous health state. The deterioration of health conditions and prevalence of the disease were causing huge pain to the patient. Subsequently, her son decided to put her under the palliative care of the hospital owing to her deteriorating general conditions. The essay elaborates on the critical analysis of the case with special emphasis on the given situation and the possible palliative care that could assist in relieving the lady from her present situation. The future efficient palliative care that should be considered to develop the present situation of the palliative care through proper application of guidelines in order to prevent further deterioration of the health condition of the patient. According to the case scenario, the 71 year old patient is observed to be suffering from severe disease i.e. the maxilla and cheek tumour. The lady has already been treated with a palliative radiotherapy treatment. The palliative radiotherapy is usually done to relieve the pain of patients suffering from the bone metastases or any other incurable diseases (Zhu, 2012). Since, the disease is observed to be less responsive to curative treatment, palliative treatment is used to enhance the quality life of the person through relieve of suffering. Considering the incurability aspect of the disease, the lady was treated with the palliative

The Role of Time Management Techniques in Avoiding Project Delays Dissertation

The Role of Time Management Techniques in Avoiding Project Delays - Dissertation Example Structured, systematic ways of managing the project and its risks are also imperative. Moreover, it is encouraging to find that the respondents perceive their senior management favourably, with senior management leadership and communication not being singled out as a cause of project delay. The study has likewise found that the outcomes of project delays include the work disturbance; cost variances; and operational losses. Disagreement is also apparent. However, these do not develop so gravely as to merit the termination of the contract or the filing of a legal case. The present study likewise found that the timely clarification of project objectives; solicitation of top management support; manpower selection; clarification of project restrictions; definition / identification of activity; spelling out the sequence of activity; and building a timetable of activity were all adequately practised by the construction and engineering players in Saudi Arabia. There is a need to further impr ove the timeliness with which the following facets of project management are carried out within their specific context: client consultation; manpower training; solicitation of the dedication of the project team; evaluation of the efficiency of client and contractor; risk and liability evaluations; clarification of end-users requirements; resource approximation; schedule development; schedule control; and overall impact vs. actual practise of time management technique

Palliative Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Palliative Care - Essay Example Advanced Squamous Carcinoma of the Left Maxilla and Cervical Lymph node Metastases. The lady has already undergone a palliative radiotherapy of the tumour in the maxilla and cheek. The present situation of the lady points towards the fact that there was no obvious development of her state from the previous condition. Rather there has been a further deterioration in the health of the patient. It was observed that the ulcer has become large, necrotic and spread out in the mouth of the patient. In this respect, the conditions of the patient are identified to be more critical as compared to previous health state. The deterioration of health conditions and prevalence of the disease were causing huge pain to the patient. Subsequently, her son decided to put her under the palliative care of the hospital owing to her deteriorating general conditions. The essay elaborates on the critical analysis of the case with special emphasis on the given situation and the possible palliative care that could assist in relieving the lady from her present situation. The future efficient palliative care that should be considered to develop the present situation of the palliative care through proper application of guidelines in order to prevent further deterioration of the health condition of the patient. According to the case scenario, the 71 year old patient is observed to be suffering from severe disease i.e. the maxilla and cheek tumour. The lady has already been treated with a palliative radiotherapy treatment. The palliative radiotherapy is usually done to relieve the pain of patients suffering from the bone metastases or any other incurable diseases (Zhu, 2012). Since, the disease is observed to be less responsive to curative treatment, palliative treatment is used to enhance the quality life of the person through relieve of suffering. Considering the incurability aspect of the disease, the lady was treated with the palliative

Criminal Investigations Essay Example for Free

Criminal Investigations Essay 1.The methods of inquiry is divided into 2 distinct categories. One category is archeologist, historian, journalist, epidemiologist, and criminal investigator. The second category is scientist in general including artist. Fusing these categories together allows the reconstruction of the past. Methods of inquiry use techniques common to both science and art. During an investigation is it important to figure out what took place before the crime was committed to give the police a better understanding of where it took place, why it took place, how it took place and all the events that lead up to the crime. Osterburg, J. W. Ward, R. H. (2010). Criminal investigation, A method for reconstructing the past (6th ed.) 2.The optimal mindset of an investigator should be open minded and investigative. It is manifested by going into a scene looking at scene from all angles not by having it in your head it was done one way and there is no other possibility. The investigative mindset comes from experiencing it hands on or by practicing. Some people are born with this mindset. An investigative mind gives us the ability to see what a naked eye wouldn’t. It also allows us to see evidence others may not think would be related to the scene. With both mindsets we come in with the questions of who, what, why, when, where? Osterburg, J. W. Ward, R. H. (2010). Criminal investigation, A method for reconstructing the past (6th ed.) 3. Scientific method is observing, thinking about and solving problems. Investigators will use these methods throughout the entire investigation. Once the investigator arrives on scene they will make note of what they see in regards to bullets, tools, impressions, motive, blood spatter, and how it compares to other unsolved crimes. The investigator will use observation and thinking about the scene to lead him to solve the crime. These methods will also lead to catching the perpetrator. A reason may even be drawn to conclude as to the cause of the crime. Osterburg, J. W. Ward, R. H. (2010). Criminal investigation, A method for reconstructing the past (6th ed.) 4. The primary sources are used to reconstruct the past and the events leading up to the crime. The sources are records, physical evidence, and people. The people may be victims or eyewitnesses of the crime. The records would be use of stolen credit cards, forged checks, or ransom notes. The physical evidence would be shoe impressions, tool impressions, if barefoot it would be foot impressions, fingerprints, fibers or hair. People can be of value as well. They may know a wealth of information as to who committed the crime, the location of the perpetrator. They may be able to lead you to a person of interest. If nothing else the can give you valuable evidence such as a description. Osterburg, J. W. Ward, R. H. (2010). Criminal investigation, A method for reconstructing the past (6th ed.)

The Properties Of Foreigner Talk

The Properties Of Foreigner Talk Describe the properties of â€Å"foreigner talk† and discuss its role in L2 learning. In your discussion, be sure to include supporting examples for foreigner talk and discuss them in light of Krashens Input Hypothesis (1985) and Longs Interaction Hypothesis (1981, 1983a, 1996). Particular over the past two decades, related work on input comprehensibility has focused on the nature of the linguistic environment available to learners and its relationship to Second Language Acquisition (SLA). Recent work has taken as basic the notion that conversational interaction in a second language (L2) forms the basis for L2 development rather than being only a forum for practice of specific language features (Wagner-Gouch Hatch, 1975; cited in Schorkhuber, 2007). In fact, some contemporary studies have shifted the focus to an examination of the learners linguistic environment which is the target language available to the learner and how it affects the learning process. It has been observed that native speakers (NSs) adjust their speech in conversation with non-native speakers (NNSs) in multiple ways. This modified register has been termed ‘foreigner talk (FT) by Charles Ferguson (1975). He (1975) asserts that foreigner talk is the reduced and simplified version of a language that native speakers use to address other speakers for whom the language is not a native one, especially speakers who do not know the language at all. Due to the similarities between this type of speech and the speech that is usually directed at children, it is also sometimes called baby talk (e.g., Ferguson 1971). According to him, foreigner talk is the basis of the emergence of pidgin and Creole. It is also suggested that foreigner talk promotes learning as well as communication with the learner. In general, foreigner talk adjustments reveal speech patterns that would not ordinarily be used in conversations with NSs (Gass Selinker, 2001:261). Instead, Gass and Selinker (2001) claim that foreigner talk shares features in common with young children speech. According to Ferguson (1975), in phonology, it is characterise by a slow rate of delivery, loudness, clear articulation, pauses, emphatic stress and exaggerated pronunciation. In lexis, it is characterised by occasional use of words from other languages, substitutions of items by synonyms, or paraphrases, use of high frequency words and few idioms (Chaudron, 1979; cited in Tarone, 1980 ). In syntax, modification is presented through repetitions, elaborations, omissions and fill in the blank for learners incomplete utterances. In discourse, foreigner talk involves restating wh-questions as yes-no or or-choice questions, and so on (Hatch, 1979; cited in Tarone, 1980). Examples (1) and (2) show some of the characteristics of fo reigner talk: (1) NNS: How have increasing food costs changed your eating habits? NS : Well, we dont eat as much beef as we used to. We eat more chicken, and uh, pork and uh, fish, things like that. NNS: Pardon me? NS : We dont eat as much beef as we used to. We eat more chicken and uh, uh pork and fishWe dont eat beef very often. We dont have steak like weused to. NNS: Oh, okay. (2) NS : What classes are you taking at 10 oclock? NNS: Sorry? 10 clock? NS : What classes at 10 oclock? NNS: 10 oclock, classes, uhScience. From the examples above, the functions of foreigner talk can be detected quite effortlessly where in example (1), NS repeated and elaborated more fully the statement once the NNS indicated a lack of understanding in order to provide the NNS a comprehensible input. Likewise, NS practiced repetition in example (2) but in a more simplified form. Moreover, clue was provided to the NNS that 10 clock supposedly should be said as 10 oclock. Therefore, the comprehension of the NNS was again aided. Essentially, input is seen as a highly important factor in acquisition in many approaches to SLA. Krashens Input Hypothesis, which largely predated Universal Grammar approaches to SLA research, continues to make the strongest claim about the role of the linguistic environment in SLA. It states that L2 input must both be comprehensible and be at a stage slightly beyond the learners previously acquired linguistic competence (i+1) in order to be acquired (Krashen, 1982; cited in Schorkhuber, 2007). In brief, within Krashens framework, if input is understood, the necessary grammar is automatically provided; however, if input is not comprehensible, it cannot serve acquisition at all. That is to say, comprehensible input that occurred in the examples above, delivered in affective filter situation, is held to be not only a necessary condition for acquisition, but actually causing acquisition to the NNS. On top of that, the line of research that focuses on interactional structure of conversation, such as foreigner talk was developed in many years by several researchers (e.g., Gass and Varonis, 1985, 1989; Long, 1981, 1983; Pica, 1987, 1988; cited in Gass, 2007:234). The emphasis is on the role which negotiated interaction between NSs and NSSs and between two NNSs plays in the development of L2. According to Gass (2007:234), conversational interaction in a L2 like foreigner talk discourse also forms the foundation for the development of L2 rather than being only a platform for practice of particular language features, more specifically when it comes to the negotiation of meaning. In fact, this claim has been proposed by Michael Long (1996: 451-2) as the Interaction Hypothesis. In the similar situation like which Long (1996: 451-2) has stated, foreigner talk posits interaction between NNSs and NSs, creates a naturalistic Second Language Acquisition environment where the NNSs learn through negotiation of meaning and attention is focussed (Mackey, 1999; cited in Gass, 2007) on gaps in their target language knowledge. Therefore, the acquisition of L2 could be facilitated well because foreigner talk connects input, internal learner capacities, particularly selective attention, and output in productive ways (Long, 1996). One of the examples of conversation of foreigner talk is as follow: (3) NS : Theres.. theres a drinking bottle on the table. NNS: A what? NS : Bottle, drinking bottle to drink water? NNS: Boar? NS : You drink water from it, if you are thirsty. Drinking bottle. NNS: Ahh, ahh, bottle to drink, you say drinking bottle! NS : Yes. Throughout the conversation of foreigner talk, the NNS acknowledges the fact that the new word drinking bottle came from the interaction and especially as a consequence of the negotiation work. The Interaction Hypothesis has been proven where it establishes that when a learner or NNS is attempting to negotiate conversation in the target language, the gaps in his/her abilities are revealed to him/herself. Generally, these abilities include pronunciation, syntax, grammar and vocabulary. Subsequently, the Interaction Hypothesis concludes that this self-realisation, brought about by authentic interaction, will encourage the NNS to produce target language output to negotiate meaning and seek out the knowledge they lack. Also, the interaction between the learner who is a NNS and other NNSs or NSs, results in language acquisition on the part of him/herself, meaning he/she has internalised and modified that chunk of language and will be able to produce correct output later when necessary. In the meantime, Interaction Hypothesis reveals that checks are the key to the SLA process (Long, 1983b; cited in Brulhart, 1986). One way the learner realises the gaps in their knowledge is by checking with the person they are having a conversation with during foreigner talk. The simplest of which are known as modification checks. There are several different types of interaction modification checks that take place during a natural conversation which assist the learner advance in the target language. The first one is clarification requests which the learner recognises a word that they are strange with and they ask for clarification. In general, clarification requests are formed by questions but may consist of wh- or yes-no questions, as well as tag questions. For example, â€Å"What did u mean?† After this, the interlocutor (NS) is required either to furnish new information or to recode information previously given. Secondly, it is confirmation check which the learner reacts t o a sentence uttered by the other speaker and uses the L2 to confirm that they understood correctly. They always involve repetition of all part of the interlocutors preceding utterance (Long, 1980: 81-2, cited in Hasan, 2008: 41). The example is as below: (4) NNS : Do you want to come over and study tonight? NS : Sorry, I have to do my landry. NNS : Your..laundry? (comfirmation check) NS : Yeah, my laundry. My clothes dirty. The third modification check is comprehension check (Long, 1980; cited in Hasan, 2008). The learner asks a question to the other person in the conversation to confirm that they understood the meaning of the learners sentences. For instance, â€Å"Do you understand?† In effect, this production of checks could provide the learner with opportunities, builds positive affective feelings of confidence and learning opportunities. Also, conversational breakdown could also be avoided. In conclusion, foreigner talk has meant a focus on the linguistic and discourse structure of the NSs input to the learner (NNS), with a view to eventually determining the influence of that structure on L2 learning. Besides, the modification checks which are carried out during foreigner talk could assure that comprehension of the learners is checked explicitly, and utterances which are unclear are clarified and understood. Therefore, as Foster (1998; cited in Hasan, 2008: 42) claims that checking and clarifying problem utterances (negotiating for meaning) ensures the learners receive comprehensible input and generate comprehensible output, it should be noted that foreigner talk is truly helpful and crucial to SLA.

With Regret and Hope :: Love Letters Dating Email Relationships

Dear Anthony, It has taken me awhile to write this letter. Please read it with care and understand that much thought went into it. I miss the way we used to be. I wish with all my heart that there was some way we could go back to the days where your eyes beheld me as the most beautiful woman you had ever seen, when your heart felt more alive in my presence, when the thought of me kept you warm on a cold night. I still feel that way about you. I know that I am the one to blame for letting us die and for letting you down. I know that I messed up, the things that I did were wrong, and I wish that there were something that I could do to go back in time and undo them. I know what it's like to be hurt the way that I hurt you. It hurt me to see the pain that I caused you and not be able to do anything to make it better. Now here we are, together again, but it doesn't feel the same. I know you still care for me, and love me, but I wonder if you are ever going to forgive me. How do we get past the hurt? What can I do for you to forgive me, to let me into your heart again, to earn back your trust and once again feel the fullness of your love? I look back on all that I took for granted, and I wish that I had appreciated everything you offered me, and I know that if I had that back, I would work to keep it for forever. I wouldn't push it away like I did then. I would bask in every moment of your love. I want a chance to love you the right way, but I need you to let me in. The distance between us pulls at my heart. It is there even when I am in your arms. Yes, I have suffered for my sins, the greatest suffering I have ever known: feeling as if I have lost you and your love. I am asking that you forgive me. I remember a time when we kissed and touched each other for the sheer pleasure of it. How we loved to be next to each other and had to be next to each other. We couldn't wait until we could be together again.

Red Badge of Courage :: essays papers

Red Badge of Courage Stephen Crane has written many remarkable poems, short stories, and novels throughout his short life (He lived only to the age of 29). The Red Badge of Courage is a tale of war, life, responsibility, and duty. It has been considered the first ^great modern novel of war^(Alfred Kazin). It traces the effects of war on Henry Fleming, a Union soldier, through his dreams of battle, his enlistment, and his experience through serveral battles of the Civil War. Henry, ^the youth^, was a young man who lived on a farm with his mother. He dreamed about what fighting in a war would be like, and dreamed of being a hero. He dreamed of the battles of war, and of what it would be like to fight in those glorious battles. His mother was a wise, caring woman who had strong convictions about not wanting Henry to goto war. She is a very hardworking woman, and loves her son a great deal. She gave him hundreds of reasons why he was needed on the farm and not in the war. Henry knew his mother would not want him to enlist, but it was his decision to make. He dreamed of the battles of war, and of what it would be like to fight in those glorious battles. He didn^t want to stay on the farm with nothing to do, so he made his final decision to enlist. After enlisting he finds himself in a similar situation, with nothing to do. While there he becomes friends with two other soldiers, John Wilson, ^the loud soldier / ^the friend^ and Jim Conklin, ^the tall soldier^. Wilson was a loud spoken and obnoxious soldier who becomes one of Henry^s best friends. Jim was a tall soldier and was a childhood friend of Henry^s. He was always calm and matter-of-fact like. He also loves pork sandwiches as that is all he eats. Wilson was as excited about going to war as Henry, while Jim was confident about the success of the new regiment. Wilson is acts very confident, and boasts of how well he will fight. After a few days of marching, Henry realizes that they have been wandering about aimlessly in circles. They continue to march wothout purpose, direction, and fighting. During this time Henry starts to think diffrently about war, amore close experienced way. He starts to lose some of his ideals of war, and starts to become scared of running away from a batlle.

Norms

Norms Norm is an expected and accepted behavior by a society. We get our norms from our parents, cultures, or traditions, but sociologists disagree on where they can come from. Norms are based on a kind of agreement, so they can be changed by time which Is called social construction. People also see norms as a ‘social glue' as It binds different Individuals together. A norm requires an action as It Is a behavior. An example of a norm can be the fact that most of the people put on their stables once they get in the car.Norms are passed on from generation to generation and ‘adapted o fit the social climate' which is the change of norms, values, family, gender, race, etc. However, there are people who don't follow the norms and they're called deviants. Fox is a sociologist who spent 3 years observing the English norms, cultures and wrote a book based on her studies. One of the thing that caught her attention was the use of mobile phones which seemed to be In everyone's life regardless of class, gender, ethnicity and, increasingly, age.Fox mentioned in her book that people use it for different causes, teenagers use them as a status symbol whereas man are interested in the technological aspects of what they can do. She also believes that women that are alone in coffee bars or anywhere else use it as a social barrier or a form of attachment. Values Values are everyday morals or beliefs which most of the people in society agrees on. They develop overtime and not easily but they can be changed. Values can also underline social norms, for example when you're at the shop and you get to the end of the queue you value fairness.Also when you stay quite in the doctor's waiting room you value health and professional advice. Most people In the same societies hare these values so they're not the same as attitudes, in which people can differ enormously. You may think there are some values that are only yours but the truth Is they're shared with many others. You've l earned them from other people; this doesn't mean you chose to them from deferent possibilities, but that you're picked them up during your life.There is a debate between sociologists on whose values are the mainstream ones in society; it can be the dominant ethnic group, or even the values of the rich, but some consider It's the politician as they propose the laws of society. Values largely vary between societies, so what Is normal here can be really strange In another country. Status Status can be held by one person or a group; it's formed on a social position. It can be linked with honor, prestige and social standing.You can have a low and a high status In society at the same time, for example you're the leader of a gang, within that status and achieved status. Ascribed status cannot be changed easily, it's something that you did born into, for example your gender and ethnicity. Achieved status is what you worked for, it can be an educational qualification or entering the Job you always wanted. Achieved status is believed to be a relevant feature of life in the contemporary I-J. Roles The set of norms that goes with a status are called roles.A role is a series of behavior; routines or responses that we give in our everyday life. We all have roles in our lives which can change with our age and adapt to our societies. You're role can be a student at school, sibling and friend at the same time and all these roles will come with expectations. As a student you'll be expected to learn and participate in class and do your homework. You as a student will place certain expectations on your coacher and school. Roles develop during social processes but we do born into some roles like being a daughter or a son and sibling, these are all ascribed to people.Role conflict can occur as a person has many roles and sometimes these roles will conflict with each other. For example you can be a student expected to do your homework, but you also have a part time Job and your boss expects you to be there, but you can't do both of them at the same time. Having a role conflict is an unavoidable part of life. Culture The word culture is used to describe the customs, beliefs and ways of life of a society r within a society. It is also a contested concept, which means that sociologists vary on their exact definition of it.William says it's a Way of life' and that it contains all details of the way people live their life in a society: their norms, interests, values and ideas on life. If we take the meaning of culture this way it becomes a comprehensive definition, allowing us to connect it to many different groups within and between societies. Some people argue that Williams view on culture is so wide that it has no meaning at all, because he practically says that anything can be a part of culture. Another sociologist Woodward says that the culture of society is formed on ‘shared meanings, values and practices'.This definition links culture with shared norms and values. Other sociologist approached that there are different types of cultures, saying that there is a high culture, and elite practices are part of it. High culture High culture is the elite, upper class of the society, the people that have an ascribed status in life. This concept is linked to Leaves who was writing in the sass. People in high culture are often associated with arts such as classical music, opera or sports eke polo and lacrosse and other posh activities.They have a social closure which practically means that there is no entry for ‘outsiders', which makes sure that high culture remains elite and exclusive. People in high culture tend to have special positions in the I-J, both economically and socially. However, some sociologist questioned the existence of high culture as more people can achieve their statuses and become rich, so they can buy their access to elite groups. Subculture Subculture is practiced by a smaller group in society. They have distinct norms and aloes which makes them a little part of society.These cultures can be memos and skaters, or religious groups such as cosmetologists. As some of these subcultures are quite little they need to raise more awareness for example religious movements. The members of these subcultures change over time and so does the subcultures within society and its concerns. People mostly are part of these subcultures in their young adulthood, and often they move away from them as they grow up. However, some people stay connected to their subculture in some way for the rest of their lives.

Collete’s “The Murderer” and “The Tell-Tale Heart” by Edgar Allen Poe Essay

Explore the similarities and differences between Collete’s â€Å"The Murderer† and â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allen Poe. In this essay I will write about â€Å"the Tell-Tale Heart† which was written in the nineteenth century, and â€Å"The Murderer† which was written in the twentieth century. I will compare them in a number of ways; language, settings, suspense, characters In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† the mood is typical of Edgar Allen Poe in that he wrote about murders in dark gothic houses this creates a mood of tension that something is about to happen suddenly and drives us to read faster and faster until suddenly the climax is upon the victims or sometimes, on a anti-climax. The narrator uses short sentences that are filled with active verbs to describe the story. Whereas the mood in â€Å"The Murderer† is quite calm and non-threatening. There is no haste to the words. This is very different to â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†. In â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† the narrator does not tell us exactly where he is but he does tell us that there are â€Å"creaky floor boards† and â€Å"heavy doors† there are also â€Å"mice†. This leads us to believe that he is in a gothic house that is quite old. The narrator does not tell us about the weather directly but mention â€Å"the wind in the chimney† which suggest mid-winter. In the murderer there are a lot of different places, the murder scene, out side the newsagents, the flat where he slept and worked, each of them described in detail. The murder scene was a stationary notions shop as with the tell tale heart during the whole story there is only a few references to the weather such as a â€Å"brief shower† and that â€Å"darkness cam suddenly apron them. The themes of the stories are both murders. The strangest one of the two stories is the murderer because the main character, Louis, kills his victim, for no reason that we know of, but there is a clear motive in the tell tale heart. The eye. The old mans evil eye this is the thing that drives the murderer to kills the old mans â€Å"vulture eye† the eye with a â€Å"pale blue film over it.† The main character in â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart is a person who talks about him self a lot in the story ands says a few things like â€Å"never before that night had I felt the extent of my powers.† I think this person is insane (he spent an hour to look through a door) He is mostly in self-denial but he does say â€Å"the disease has sharpened my senses -not destroyed them† this becomes exenterated when he says he â€Å"heard all the things in heaven† because of the acute sense of hearing he has acquired from being mad. The main character of the tell tale heart is a mystery because they does not reveal their sex or their age, or any of their physical looks. Where in the murderer we know that Louis is good looking and has a â€Å"swarthy face† that girls like to smile at. I think that, whilst these authors have crated stories that are similar in theme they have there own way of introducing the characters and victims of the story. Also the setting is very different. I like them both for they are very griping and leave a great deal of the story to the readers imagination but my favourite is â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† because of the way the nature of the murderer is very well presented and has left me thinking about it. The very way that he calmly killed him with out no little voice in his head telling him what he is doing is wrong chills me to the bone. This is a little detail that Poe was very clear about for although he was insane (As I have pointed out before the evidence for this case is not in short supply) he was still a human being and as one of them I fell disturbed that one human can do that to a fellow human. Humans are the most dangerous species because of our actions. Our kind is the only ones that ill because they feel like it. Not because they are hungry or in danger but because of pure spite. This is one of the many dangers of free will and Poe and collate point this out in the most disturbing ways imaginable.

Causes and Effects of Gravity

Causes and Effects of Gravity Ahmed Emad Hassab Elnabi Gravitational Force â€Å"’You may hate gravity, but gravity doesn’t care.’ Clayton Christensen†. This Harvard teacher was directing this quotation to students like me because it is a force that cannot be viewed. Gravity is a field force exerted by an object to attract another object towards its center. In a simplified manner, it is an intangible, non-contact force that cannot be seen, but is existent between all objects. Gravitational force in a mathematical perspective is the mass of an object multiplied by gravitational acceleration. It is one of the fundamental forces of the universe that maintains planets, solar systems and galaxies. In the last couple of centuries, gravity became understood through Galileo, Brahe, Kepler, Newton and Einstein. Before the last 300 years, some only superficially understood gravity and others neglected the concept of having a field. In ancient times, civilizations believed that the skies and systems were held by divine power. Over they years, loads of scientists and philosophers tried to explain such a ‘magical’ phenomenon. In 1610, Galileo created a modern telescope. He used it to observe different planets’ behaviors. He focused on Earth and Venus; consequently he realized that they both revolve around the sun in a similar pattern. Therefore, he concluded that there’s a force that causes this spectacle. In the same time existed Kepler and Brahe. Kepler used Brahe’s astronomical data to conclude that planets revolve around the sun in an elliptical motion and that Earth has the same orbits around the sun; thus, he discovered that gravity creates seasons. Then, came the father of physics and creator of laws of motion, Isaac Newton. He was one of the first to explain the theory of mutual interaction, through his law of Universal Gravitation. It states that any and every two bodies in the universe attract each other with a force directly p roportional to their masses and inversely proportion to the square of the distance between them. Thus objects like Newton’s apple is pulled to the earth and vice versa; the earth and planets are pulled towards the sun and vice versa. Finally, Albert Einstein, who is the most renounced genius, proposed a new theory. He said that gravity is the result of space and time being bent, general theory of relativity. He also theorized that enormous masses alter space and time because they deflect light, thus creating gravity. Skeptics denounced his theory, but time proved this theory right when astronauts went to space and found out that a clock is quicker away from earth. There are many misconceptions about gravity because there are many different explanations to it. First, people think that gravitational force doesn’t exist between humans, but it does exist between every object in the universe. However, the gravitational pull by earth is much stronger than the force exerted b y humans because of its huge mass. Second, some thinks that gravity occurs through a mixture of gases, the air. However, gravity occurs between planets and suns, where there is no air, vacuum. Third some think that gravitational acceleration (a=f/m) in free-fall decreases because of the force of gravity of other objects. However, air pressure causes this occurrence but gravitational acceleration is constant at 9.81 m/s. Fourth, people claim that we are supposed to be pulled to mars or the moon also. On the other hand, they don’t take into consideration the factor of distance and that earth is we are too far from the moon or mars. Fifth, some say that there is no gravitational force between Pluto and Earth. This is not true because gravitational force exists between all the objects in the universe. No matter how minute it can be, it is never zero. Sixth, a person might claim that his mass changes on the moon, but mass is constant; it is weight that changes depending on the gra vitational pull. Seventh, one would think that we must be pulled to the Earth’s core since that is stated in Newton’s law of universal gravity. However, Newton also said in his third law that the Earth’s floor has an equal and opposing force to the gravitational force. Finally, one could claim that there is no gravitational force exerted on bacteria since they float. This statement is false because its mass is insignificant, gravitational force exerted by Earth on them is very small that it seemingly doesn’t affect them.

What should young people be taught about theatre and what principles Assignment - 1

What should young people be taught about theatre and what principles should guide the padagogy - Assignment Example The Department of Culture, Media and Sports Taking Part Survey found that only 36% from the previous 55% of primary schools students attend after school music lessons; and for theatre and drama classes, the number of students dropped from 49% to 33%. Finally, for dance lessons, the number of students decreased from 29% from 45% (Lyons, 2014, para.1). Giving less priority to cultural education can be saddening, and this is echoed by Harriet Harman, Shadow culture secretary who lamented that the future talents of Britain are being robbed. She explained: â€Å"Taking part in art and culture is a vital part of a child’s education and helps them develop their full potential. But we are seeing a serious fall in the amount of art and culture children are able to take part in.† (Lyons, 2014, para. 7). This just emphasises the value of informing people about the importance of including Cultural Education in the school curriculum. Henley (2012) advocates it because cultural education allows children to gain necessary knowledge through the learning of facts. Children develop an understanding of culture by developing their critical faculties and skills through their active involvement in various art forms and activities related to these. However, cultural education does not get as much priority as literacy and numeracy. The National Curriculum emphasizes the development of academic skills more than the arts so schools focus on Math and Reading so that students can perform well in standardized tests. It is my opinion that the arts should get the same attention in the curriculum since it addresses the strengths of some students who may not be as skilled in the academic subjects. According to Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence theory (1983), all people have something to excel at, and being smart above the rest is not limited to those who do exceptionally well academically. It is comforting to think that

Need for health care services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Need for health care services - Essay Example Reasons given for the inaccessibility of such services vary from family or individual to individual, the most common being the high rates charged by the service providers. Provision of insurance covers is a business in which after accessing covers, people pay monthly or annual premiums. The rate of the premiums is never directly proportional to the type and quality of coverage provided, this therefore influences a number of people to opt for self-settlement of medical bills in the health facilities in case of an emergency (Aday 81). On of the main mandates of the government is to ensure that every American accesses quality health care services, the national insurance cover provision is not widely accepted despite fact that it is a lot subsidized. This follows the claims that private health service providers have proliferated most of the regions in the country making access to public facilities a lot difficult. The choice to take up a cover or not to is a personal decision and the state cannot ever impose such choices on its citizens. However, the government should influence the process of making such decisions by ensuring that the public has the general knowledge on the policies and should further [provide incentives to the access of such services. All state employees have insurance premiums paid for them by the government (OCarroll 88). However, the government does very little in effecting the acquisition of such services especially to most of the poor population in the country. Most of Americans in private business make this choice entirely by themselves, the exorbitant rates charged by most of the service providers and the uncertainty that characterizes such services eventually influences most of them on the contrary. Those employed in the private sectors have their employers provide them with such services as a means of motivation and to boost their morale to work. The employer provides a basic percentage of the cover by

Applied Ethics in Criminal Justice Management Essay

Applied Ethics in Criminal Justice Management - Essay Example I tend to think that the witness is being bribed in order to offer information regarding other criminals. The bribery here is, however, done for a good cause. The information provided by this witness will help get justice for other affected individuals. An example of this is the rampart scandal that saw a cop named Rafael Perez cut a deal with the prosecutor so as to expose the masquerading police officer or rather bad cops. A series of crimes was observed before the cop was arrested. The road rage shootout that saw an undercover agent shot to death while off duty, by a white cop. This developed tension among the force, but was later settled when investigations confirmed that the black cop was involved in many other street crimes.Another incident was the bank robbery that took place in Los Angeles. The suspected bank manager implicated her boyfriend, who was a cop to the organizing of the crime. Investigations revealed that the cop together with other partners in the force were gambl ing and spending a lot of money. One of the partners was known as Rafael Perez. Investigations on the police officer were launched when 6 pounds of cocaine, stored as evidence went missing. Part of the investigation involved the formation of a team named Rampart Corruption Task Force. The force was primarily focused on prosecuting Rafael Perez. When an audit of the property room was done, it was discovered that some more pounds of cocaine was missing. The speculation made pointed Perez as the culprit.